水龙吟·赋张斗墅家古松五粒

水龙吟·赋张斗墅家古松五粒朗读

有人独立空山,翠髯未觉霜颜老。
新香秀粒,浓光绿浸,千年春小。
布影参旗,障空云盖,沉沉秋晓。
驷苍虬万里,笙吹凤女,骖飞乘、天风袅。
般巧。
霜斤不到。
汉游仙、相从最早。
皱鳞细雨,层阴藏月,朱弦古调。
问讯东桥,故人南岭,倚天长啸。
待凌霄谢了,山深岁晚,素心才表。

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水龙吟·赋张斗墅家古松五粒译文及注释

水龙吟·赋张斗墅家古松五粒鉴赏

  《水龙吟》,又名《龙吟曲》、《庄椿岁》、《小楼连苑》。《清真集》入“越调”,《梦窗词》集入“无射商”。

  张斗墅,即张蕴,字仁溥,号斗墅,扬州人,嘉熙(宋理宗年号,公元1237—1240年)间为沿江制置使属官,公元1256年(宝祐四年)干办行在诸司粮料院。有《斗墅支稿》。“古松五粒”,“粒”,言其细小。因而,在张斗墅家的五株古松,实为盆栽之松。又说“粒”者鬣也,系音近,故称者异。五鬣者,言如马鬣形也,如李贺有《五粒小松歌》,岑参诗“五粒松花酒”,林宽诗“庭高五粒松”皆是。

  上片将盆栽古松与山野的古松作一对比。“有人”两句,将盆中古松拟人化。此言盆景上怪石嶙峋如山兀立,古松栽于其旁,犹如人独立于山间。古松虽是已有千年的树龄,但是看起来仍旧是郁郁葱葱苍翠欲滴。“新香”三句。言古松虽小,却能散发出阵阵清香。在阳光照射下,松针浓密得如浸入在一片绿色之中。因此虽是千年古松,在时人的眼中,仍旧觉得它还是如青春年少般的娇小可爱。以上叙盆中古松,下面转述山野中的古松。“布影”三句,言山野上与盆松同龄的古松,如今必定是黛色参天,冠盖蔽空。如果人们经过树下,就会仿佛进入黑沉沉、冷清清的秋天凌晨一般。“驷苍虬”三句,言山野古松枝干粗大如苍虬之张牙舞爪似的欲腾飞万里。高大的主枝直插云霄能与天风相抗衡。枝梢上还能够引来鸾凤停留其上而曼声吟鸣。两相对照之下,盆松占“小”、巧两字;野松则得其型态之雄伟,春花秋月各有所长。

  下片应题中“赋张斗墅家古松”。“般巧”三句。此言盆松生得小巧可爱,还能够免除掉遭受利斧砍伐之罪。词人说:见到了盆中的松树,我不由想到了汉代的赤松子。恐怕他是最早与松树作伴的仙人了。“皱鳞”三句。言盆松虽长得小巧,但是细上看去,枝上鳞片苍老如细雨密布其上;松针层叠,使月光难以穿透。这一句又与上片“浓光绿浸”遥相呼应。“朱弦古调”句,化用唐刘长卿《听弹琴》“泠泠七弦上,静听松风寒。古调虽自爱,今人多不弹”诗意。此言盆松可爱而诱人,宜骚人墨客为其弹奏《风入松》这首古琴曲。“问讯”三句,侧写盆中的假山景色。言盆中设有假山:有桥有岭,又有泥俑站在岭上倚天而啸。“待凌霄”三句,显出松树本色。此言当凌霄花谢的时候,已是到了秋尽冬至之时。但到那个时候,古松会愈发显得精神奕奕,真是“岁寒见松柏之长青”啊!此虽是在讲松树,而暗中却隐隐以松树之志自比,以此傲视世人。

水龙吟·赋张斗墅家古松五粒读音参考

shuǐ lóng yín fù zhāng dòu shù jiā gǔ sōng wǔ lì
水龙吟·赋张斗墅家古松五粒

yǒu rén dú lì kōng shān, cuì rán wèi jué shuāng yán lǎo.
有人独立空山,翠髯未觉霜颜老。
xīn xiāng xiù lì, nóng guāng lǜ jìn, qiān nián chūn xiǎo.
新香秀粒,浓光绿浸,千年春小。
bù yǐng cān qí, zhàng kōng yún gài, chén chén qiū xiǎo.
布影参旗,障空云盖,沉沉秋晓。
sì cāng qiú wàn lǐ, shēng chuī fèng nǚ, cān fēi chéng tiān fēng niǎo.
驷苍虬万里,笙吹凤女,骖飞乘、天风袅。
bān qiǎo.
般巧。
shuāng jīn bú dào.
霜斤不到。
hàn yóu xiān xiāng cóng zuì zǎo.
汉游仙、相从最早。
zhòu lín xì yǔ, céng yīn cáng yuè, zhū xián gǔ diào.
皱鳞细雨,层阴藏月,朱弦古调。
wèn xùn dōng qiáo, gù rén nán lǐng, yǐ tiān cháng xiào.
问讯东桥,故人南岭,倚天长啸。
dài líng xiāo xiè le, shān shēn suì wǎn, sù xīn cái biǎo.
待凌霄谢了,山深岁晚,素心才表。

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