悲陈陶

悲陈陶朗读

孟冬十郡良家子,血作陈陶泽中水。
野旷天清无战声,四万义军同日死。
群胡归来血洗箭,仍唱胡歌饮都市。
都人回面向北啼,日夜更望官军至。

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诗文归类:乐府战争感伤
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悲陈陶译文及注释

悲陈陶翻译及注释

翻译
  初冬时节,从十几个郡征来的良家子弟,一战之后鲜血都洒在陈陶水泽之中。蓝天下的旷野现在变得死寂无声,四万名兵士竟然在一日之内全部战死。野蛮的胡兵箭镞上滴着善良百姓的鲜血,唱着人们听不懂的胡歌在长安街市上饮酒狂欢。长安城的百姓转头向陈陶方向失声痛哭,日夜盼望唐朝军队打回来恢复昔日的太平生活。

注释
①陈陶:地名,即陈陶斜,又名陈陶泽,在长安西北。
②孟冬:农历十月。十郡:指秦中各郡。良家子:从百姓中征召的士兵。
③无战声:战事已结束,旷野一片死寂。
④义军:官军,因其为国牺牲,故称义军。
⑤向北啼:这时唐肃宗驻守灵武,在长安之北,故都人向北而啼。

悲陈陶翻译及注释二

翻译
十月里西北十郡那些良家子弟,鲜血流成了陈陶斜的泽国水乡。
原野空旷苍天清远停息了战声,四万义军在同一天理慷慨阵亡。
那些胡寇归来时箭上还在滴血,仍然高唱胡歌狂饮在长安市上。
京都百姓转头往北方痛哭流涕,日夜盼望官军早来到退敌安邦。

注释
⑴陈陶:地名,即陈陶斜,又名陈陶泽,在长安西北。
⑵孟冬:农历十月。十郡:指秦中各郡。良家子:从百姓中征召的士兵。
⑶旷:一作“广”。清:一作“晴”。无战声:战事已结束,旷野一片死寂。
⑷义军:官军,因其为国牺牲,故称义军。
⑸群胡:指安史叛军。安禄山是奚族人,史思明是突厥人。他们的部下也多为北方少数民族人。血:一作“雪”。
⑹仍唱:一作“捻箭”。都市:指长安街市。
⑺向北啼:这时唐肃宗驻守灵武,在长安之北,故都人向北而啼。都人:长安的人民。回面:转过脸。
⑻“日夜”句:一作“前后官军苦如此”。官军:旧称政府的军队。

悲陈陶创作背景

  此诗作于唐肃宗至德元年(756年)冬。当年十月,宰相房琯上疏唐肃宗,自请带兵收复两京。十月二十一日,唐军跟安史叛军在陈陶作战,房琯“高谈有余而不切事”,用兵以春秋车战之法,结果唐军大败,死伤四万余人。此诗题注:“陈涛斜,在咸阳县,一名陈陶泽。至德元年十月,房琯与安守忠战,败绩于此。”来自西北十郡(今陕西一带)清白人家的子弟兵,血染陈陶战场,景象非常惨烈。杜甫这时被困在长安,目睹叛军的骄纵残暴,有感于陈陶之败的惨烈而作此诗。

悲陈陶赏析

  这是一场遭到惨重失败的战役。杜甫不是客观主义地描写四万唐军如何溃散,乃至横尸郊野,而是第一句就用了郑重的笔墨大书这一场悲剧事件的时间、牺牲者的籍贯和身份。这就显得庄严,使“十郡良家子”给人一种重于泰山的感觉。因而,第二句“血作陈陶泽中水”,便叫人痛心,乃至目不忍睹。这一开头,把唐军的死,写得很沉重。

  至于下面“野旷天清无战声,四万义军同日死”两句,不是说人死了,野外没有声息了,而是写诗人的主观感受。是说战罢以后,原野显得格外空旷,天空显得清虚,天地间肃穆得连一点声息也没有,好像天地也在沉重哀悼“四万义军同日死”这样一个悲惨事件,渲染“天地同悲”的气氛和感受。

  诗的后四句,从陈陶斜战场掉转笔来写长安。写了两种人,一是胡兵,一是长安人民。“群胡归来血洗箭,仍唱胡歌饮都市。”两句活现出叛军得志骄横之态。胡兵想靠血与火,把一切都置于其铁蹄之下,但这是怎么也办不到的,读者于无声处可以感到长安在震荡。人民抑制不住心底的悲伤,他们北向而哭,向着陈陶战场,向着肃宗所在的彭原方向啼哭,更加渴望官军收复长安。一“哭”一“望”,而且中间着一“更”字,充分体现了人民的情绪。

  陈陶之战伤亡是惨重的,但是杜甫从战士的牺牲中,从宇宙的沉默气氛中,从人民流泪的悼念,从他们悲哀的心底上仍然发现并写出了悲壮的美。它能给人们以力量,鼓舞人民为讨平叛乱而继续斗争。

  从这首诗的写作,说明杜甫没有客观主义地展览伤痕,而是有正确的指导思想,他根据战争的正义性质,写出了人民的感情和愿望,表现出他在创作思想上达到了很高的境界。

悲陈陶读音参考

bēi chén táo
悲陈陶

mèng dōng shí jùn liáng jiā zǐ, xuè zuò chén táo zé zhōng shuǐ.
孟冬十郡良家子,血作陈陶泽中水。
yě kuàng tiān qīng wú zhàn shēng, sì wàn yì jūn tóng rì sǐ.
野旷天清无战声,四万义军同日死。
qún hú guī lái xuè xǐ jiàn, réng chàng hú gē yǐn dū shì.
群胡归来血洗箭,仍唱胡歌饮都市。
dōu rén huí miàn xiàng běi tí, rì yè gèng wàng guān jūn zhì.
都人回面向北啼,日夜更望官军至。

杜甫

杜甫(712-770),字子美,自号少陵野老,世称“杜工部”、“杜少陵”等,汉族,河南府巩县(今河南省巩义市)人,唐代伟大的现实主义诗人,杜甫被世人尊为“诗圣”,其诗被称为“诗史”。杜甫与李白合称“李杜”,为了跟另外两位诗人李商隐与杜牧即“小李杜”区别开来,杜甫与李白又合称“大李杜”。他忧国忧民,人格高尚,他的约1400余首诗被保留了下来,诗艺精湛,在中国古典诗歌中备受推崇,影响深远。759-766年间曾居成都,后世有杜甫草堂纪念。...

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