忆江上吴处士

忆江上吴处士朗读

闽国扬帆去,蟾蜍亏复团。
秋风生渭水,落叶满长安。
此地聚会夕,当时雷雨寒。
兰桡殊未返,消息海云端。

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忆江上吴处士译文及注释

【注释】:
  这首诗“秋风生渭水,落叶满长安”一联,是贾岛的名句,为后代不少名家引用。如宋代周邦彦《齐天乐》词中的“渭水西风,长安乱叶,空忆诗情宛转”,元代白朴《梧桐雨》杂剧中的“伤心故园,西风渭水,落日长安”,都是化用这两句名句而成的,可见其流传之广,影响之深。

  诗是为忆念一位到福建一带去的姓吴的朋友而作。

  开头说,朋友坐着船前去福建,很长时间了,却不见他的消息。

  接着说自己居住的长安已是深秋时节。强劲的秋风从渭水那边吹来,长安落叶遍地,显出一派萧瑟的景象。

  为什么要提到渭水呢?因为渭水就在长安郊外,是送客出发的地方。当日送朋友时,渭水还未有秋风;如今渭水吹着秋风,自然想起分别多时的朋友了。

  此刻,诗人忆起和朋友在长安聚会的一段往事:“此地聚会夕,当时雷雨寒”──他那回在长安和这位姓吴的朋友聚首谈心,一直谈到很晚。外面忽然下了大雨,雷电交加,震耳炫目,使人感到一阵寒意。这情景还历历在目,一转眼就已是落叶满长安的深秋了。

  结尾是一片忆念想望之情。“兰桡殊未返,消息海云端。”由于朋友坐的船还没见回来,自己也无从知道他的消息,只好遥望远天尽处的海云,希望从那儿得到吴处士的一些消息了。

  这首诗中间四句言情谋篇都有特色。在感情上,既说出诗人在秋风中怀念朋友的凄冷心情,又忆念两人往昔过从之好;在章法上,既向上挽住了“蟾蜍亏复圆”,又向下引出了“兰桡殊未返”。其中“渭水”、“长安”两句,是此日长安之秋,是此际诗人之情;又在地域上映衬出“闽国”离长安之远(回应开头),以及“海云端”获得消息之不易(暗藏结尾)。细针密缕,处处见出诗人行文构思的缜密严谨。“秋风”二句先叙述离别处的景象,接着“此地”二句逆挽一笔,再倒叙昔日相会之乐,行文曲折,而且笔势也能提挈全诗。全诗把题目中的“忆”字反复勾勒,笔墨厚重饱满,是一首生动自然而又流畅的抒情佳品。

  (刘逸生)

忆江上吴处士读音参考

yì jiāng shàng wú chǔ shì
忆江上吴处士

mǐn guó yáng fān qù, chán chú kuī fù tuán.
闽国扬帆去,蟾蜍亏复团。
qiū fēng shēng wèi shuǐ, luò yè mǎn cháng ān.
秋风生渭水,落叶满长安。
cǐ dì jù huì xī, dāng shí léi yǔ hán.
此地聚会夕,当时雷雨寒。
lán ráo shū wèi fǎn, xiāo xī hǎi yún duān.
兰桡殊未返,消息海云端。

贾岛

贾岛(779~843年),字浪(阆)仙,唐代诗人。汉族,唐朝河北道幽州范阳县(今河北省涿州市)人。早年出家为僧,号无本。自号“碣石山人”。据说在洛阳的时候后因当时有命令禁止和尚午后外出,贾岛做诗发牢骚,被韩愈发现其才华。后受教于韩愈,并还俗参加科举,但累举不中第。唐文宗的时候被排挤,贬做长江主簿。唐武宗会昌年初由普州司仓参军改任司户,未任病逝。...

贾岛诗文推荐

闽国扬帆去,蟾蜍亏复团。秋风生渭水,落叶满长安。此地聚会夕,当时雷雨寒。兰桡殊未返,消息海云端。

闽国扬帆后,蟾蜍亏复圆。秋风吹渭水,落叶满长安。此地聚会夕,当时雷雨寒。兰桡殊未返,消息海云端。

夏腊今应三十余,不离树下冢间居。貌堪良匠抽毫写,行称高僧续传书。落涧水声来远远,当空月色自如如。白衣只在青门里,心每相亲迹且疏。

二句三年得,一吟双泪流。知音如不赏,归卧故山秋。

楚水临轩积,澄鲜一亩余。柳根连岸尽,荷叶出萍初。极浦清相似,幽禽到不虚。夕阳庭际眺,槐雨滴疏疏。

月向南台见,秋霖洗涤余。出逢危叶落,静看众峰疏。冷露常时有,禅窗此夜虚。相思聊怅望,润气遍衣初。

古郡近南徐,关河万里余。相思深夜后,未答去秋书。自别知音少,难忘识面初。旧山期已久,门掩数畦蔬。

沈沈百尺余,功就岂斯须。汲早僧出定,凿新虫自无。藏源重嶂底,澄翳大空隅。此地如经劫,凉潭会共枯。

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