采莲曲·秋江岸边莲子多译文及注释

采莲曲·秋江岸边莲子多朗读

采莲曲·秋江岸边莲子多鉴赏

  “秋江岸边莲子多,采莲女儿并船歌”,清秋时节,莲子成熟了,碧荷沿江连绵无际,正是收获的季节。采莲女们笑着,唱着驶船来江上采莲。“并船歌”,几只船儿紧紧相靠,并驾齐驱。一个“并”字,突出了采莲是群体活动,以及采莲女们的爽朗和快乐。她们的船摇到哪里,她们那优美的歌声就飞到哪里。江流蜿蜒向前,欢快悠扬的歌声随着江流一路飘荡。这阵阵甜美的歌声,为清秋江面增添了无限风光。这两句环境描写,烘托出秋江采莲的热闹场景。下面两句具体描绘采莲细节:“青房圆实齐戢戢,争前竞折漾微波。”齐戢戢,形容众多莲蓬露出水面,一个挨一个,戢戢然。这些饱满的莲子,吸引着采莲女们。她们荡着小船,在荷丛里穿梭,在绿色的芙蓉国里你追我赶,相互竞赛,都想多采一些莲子。澄碧的水面,溅起一朵朵晶莹闪亮的水花,荡起一道道翡翠般的波浪。歌声、笑声、桨声,合奏出一支支活泼欢畅的青春曲。绿叶青莲,映衬采莲女红润的面颊,采莲女和粉红的荷花在阳光下相映生辉。颜色的相互映衬,使画面明丽多姿;荷叶和莲子是静态的,采莲女和江水是动态的,静态和动态相互转换,衬托出画面的中心——采莲女轻盈、敏捷。“争前,”描写她们争着划船向前,使轻舟竞采的动人画面跃然纸上。“竞折”,突出她们争相采摘莲子的情态,把她们的青春风采写活了。从“争前”到“竞折”,采莲画面的动态感越来越强。诗人连用争、折、漾几个动词,描绘出采莲女们神速、灵敏的动作、兴奋欢快的心境,活灵活现地表现出她们轻盈飞动的神彩。前四句押“歌”韵,为第一段,展现出广阔而热闹的秋江采莲场景,情调悠扬甜美。

  五、六两句写寻藕:“试牵绿茎下寻藕,断处丝多刺伤手。”“试牵”说明她们寻藕的目的只是想看一看藕长得多大了。因为此时的藕只是小嫩藕,还没有到扒藕的季节。绿茎上有刺,如果不小心就会刺伤手。因此,她们就慢慢地、小心翼翼地顺着绿茎向下摸藕,采莲子是那样飞快,寻藕却是如此缓慢,一快一慢,突出了她们寻藕的细致。这两句押“有”韵,为第二段,刻画寻藕的具体细节,表现出她们劳作的情景。节奏缓慢,给人以舒缓轻松的感受。

  下面四句转入刻画采莲人。“白练束腰袖半卷,不插玉钗妆梳浅”这两句用白描手法描绘采莲女的妆扮。她们用白色的带子系着腰,显示出形体曲线美和俊俏优美的风姿。她们不插玉钗,只施淡妆,表现出采莲女的自然风采,表现出一种朴素大方的美,“船中未满度前洲,借问阿谁家住远”,莲子还没有把船舱装满,她们便相互鼓劲:“我们结伴到前面的洲边继续采吧。”她们边采边相互关切地询问:“我们越往前采,离家就越远了,谁家住得远一些?”一句亲切的问话,揭示出她们善良的心地和开朗的性格,突出了她们相互的友爱和关切。这浓厚的人情显示出她们美的心灵、美的情操,她们的形体美和内在美互为表里、相得益彰,给人美的享受。

  这四句押“洗”韵,为第三段,刻画采莲女们的形体外貌和内心世界,情调朴实亲切。

  最后两句描绘采莲女暮归:“归时其待暮潮上,自弄芙蓉还荡桨。”傍晚还在采莲,表现了她们的勤劳。日暮涨潮,正好可以乘船疾驶。这个“共”字用得妙,突出了她们同出同归和丰收后共同的欢乐。在归途中,她们边荡着桨边拿着荷花玩耍。一天劳动后,她们还是那样轻松。这最后两句展现出一幅水彩画:红色的晚霞给采莲女披上了绚丽的色彩,她们的欢笑和歌声,为日暮秋江增添了无限的情趣。结尾和开头照应紧密。最后两句押“漾”韵,描绘出一幅采莲女丰收归来边荡桨边弄荷花的动人画面,让人们在轻松愉快中回味全篇。

  这首诗采莲活动写得相当细致,从头到尾都是运用叙述和白描手法,如同采莲女一样淡妆浅梳,不假雕饰,表现出一种纯朴明丽的风格,洋溢着浓郁的江南民歌风味。全诗构思独特,每韵一段,各段之间富有变化,从而展示出从晨出到暮归群体采莲的全部过程。全诗场景多变,情节丰富,令人留连往返,兴味无穷。

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张籍

张籍(约767~约830),唐代诗人。字文昌,汉族,和州乌江(今安徽和县)人,郡望苏州吴(今江苏苏州)1 。先世移居和州,遂为和州乌江(今安徽和县乌江镇)人。世称“张水部”、“张司业”。张籍的乐府诗与王建齐名,并称“张王乐府”。著名诗篇有《塞下曲》《征妇怨》《采莲曲》《江南曲》。1 《张籍籍贯考辨》认为,韩愈所说的“吴郡张籍”乃谓其郡望,并引《新唐书·张籍传》、《唐诗纪事》、《舆地纪胜》等史传材料,驳苏州之说而定张籍为乌江人。...

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