崔湜

崔湜

崔湜(shí)(671年-713年),字澄澜,定州安喜(今河北定县)人,唐朝宰相,中书侍郎崔仁师之孙。户部尚书崔挹之子。崔湜出身于博陵崔氏安平房,进士及第,曾参与编纂《三教珠英》,先后依附于武三思、上官婉儿,由考功员外郎累迁至中书侍郎、同平章事。后因典选受贿被贬为江州司马,不久又起复为尚书左丞。唐中宗驾崩后,崔湜依附韦皇后,改任吏部侍郎。唐隆政变后,他又依附太平公主,升任同中书门下三品,并进中书令...(34篇诗文) (394条名句)

崔湜介绍

崔湜的生平

依附武氏

  崔湜年轻时便以文辞著称,后考中进士,累迁至左补阙,又参与编撰《三教珠英》,改任殿中侍御史。

  705年(神龙元年),崔湜改任考功员外郎。当时,桓彦范执掌朝政,害怕武三思向皇帝进谗,便将崔湜派到武三思身边,让他暗中探听消息。崔湜见唐中宗猜忌功臣,武三思日渐受宠,便出卖桓彦范,依附武三思,升任中书舍人。

  706年(神龙二年),桓彦范、敬晖等人被流放岭南。崔湜劝武三思道:“敬晖等人日后肯定会回来,到时必成后患,不如矫诏将他们杀死。”并推荐表兄周利贞。周利贞将桓彦范、敬晖等人残害致死,被擢升为御史中丞。

担任宰相

  708年(景龙二年),崔湜改任兵部侍郎,与担任礼部侍郎的父亲崔挹同时担任尚书省副职,开唐朝之先例。当时,昭容上官婉儿专秉内政,崔湜便依附于她,因此深受唐中宗的宠信,改任吏部侍郎、中书侍郎、同中书门下平章事。

  709年(景龙三年),崔湜与郑愔一同执掌典选。他收受贿赂,卖官鬻爵,大肆破坏选官制度,遭到御史李尚隐的弹劾,被贬为江州司马。后来,上官婉儿与安乐公主多次在皇帝面前进言,崔湜得以改授襄州刺史,不久又任尚书左丞。

  710年(景云元年),唐中宗驾崩。韦皇后立李重茂为帝,临朝听制,再次任命崔湜为吏部侍郎、同中书门下三品。不久,李重茂禅位于相王李旦,是为唐睿宗。崔湜则被贬为华州刺史,后又担任太子詹事。

  起初,崔湜曾建议开通南山新路,以连接商州水陆交通。他役使数万役丁,开出一条新道,并严禁旧道通行。711年(景云二年),崔湜被追论开辟山路之功,加封银青光禄大夫,不久又在太平公主的引荐下担任同中书门下三品。

  712年(先天元年),唐玄宗登基,任命崔湜为中书令。他诬陷刘幽求,致使刘幽求被贬岭南,又命周利贞将其杀死,却没有成功。当时,崔挹年老致仕,因受人请托,多次干涉崔湜公务。崔湜大都加以拒绝,因此父子失和,受到舆论的鄙薄。

流放赐死

  此前,唐玄宗还是皇太子的时候,多次到崔湜家中做客,将他视为心腹,但是崔湜却依附于太平公主。门客陈振鹭进献《海鸥赋》,以此劝谏崔湜,崔湜虽然称善但心中很不高兴。
713年(开元元年),太平公主与宰相崔湜、窦怀贞、岑羲、萧至忠以及太子少保薛稷等人密谋,欲废除唐玄宗,另立皇帝。崔湜还与宫人元氏密谋,要在玄宗使用的赤箭粉中下毒。

  同年七月,唐玄宗欲诛杀萧至忠等人,还将崔湜召去,托以腹心。弟弟崔涤对崔湜道:“皇帝不管问你什么,你都不要隐瞒。”崔湜没有采纳。萧至忠等人被杀后,崔湜也被流放岭南。

  当时,新兴王李晋也获罪伏诛,临死前叹道:“本来谋划这件事的是崔湜,现在我被斩首崔湜却只被流放,多么冤枉啊!”不久,崔湜密谋进毒之事被查出,被唐玄宗追命赐死,时年四十三岁。

崔湜的轶事典故

自比王谢

  崔湜与兄弟崔液、崔涤、崔莅都因才学而担任要职。每次兄弟们饮宴之时,崔湜都自比东晋时的王谢贵族,常道:“我们崔家出身高贵,官职显要,都属一流。大丈夫应该掌权治人,岂能默默地受制于人。”

诗服张说

  崔湜担任宰相时,年仅三十八岁。他曾在傍晚出端午门,下天津桥,赋诗道:“春还上林苑,花满洛阳城。”张说叹道:“这般文采地位,我还可以追得上他,可是像他这般年纪便有如此成就,我就比不上了。”
  
杖则遭忧

  崔湜的父亲崔挹曾接受他人的贿赂,为他谋取官职。崔湜不知此事,没有录用这个人。这人便对崔湜道:“您的亲人收了我的钱,为什么没有给我官职?”崔湜大怒:“我哪个亲人收了你的钱?我要将他杖毙。”不料,这个行贿人竟然道:“您可千万不能将他杖毙,不然您就要丁忧了。”崔湜这才知道是自己的父亲受贿,不禁大惭。

死前梦兆

  崔湜被流放岭南时,途经荆州,他梦到自己坐在地上一边听法一边照镜子,便问善于占梦的张猷。张猷道:“这是大凶之兆啊。坐在地上听法,法是从上而来的。镜字是金旁加个竟子,难道要终于今日?”不久,御史传来敕命,令崔湜自尽。

崔湜的家庭成员

祖父:崔仁师,官至中书侍郎。

父亲:崔挹,官至户部尚书。

兄弟:崔泌,官至刑部员外郎。

兄弟:崔涤,官至秘书监。

兄弟:崔莅,官至吏部员外郎。

不分君恩断,新妆视镜中。容华尚春日,娇爱已秋风。枕席临窗晓,帏屏向月空。年年后庭树,荣落在深宫。

二月风光半,三边戍不还。年华妾自惜,杨柳为君攀。落絮缘衫袖,垂条拂髻鬟。那堪音信断,流涕望阳关。

帝里重阳节,香园万乘来。却邪萸结佩,献寿菊传杯。塔类承天涌,门疑待佛开。睿词悬日月,长得仰昭回。

芳春桃李时,京都物华好。为岳岂不贵,所悲涉远道。远道不可思,宿昔梦见之。赠君双佩刀,日夕视来期。

御旗探紫箓,仙仗辟丹丘。捧药芝童下,焚香桂女留。鸾歌无岁月,鹤语记春秋。臣朔真何幸,常陪汉武游。

怀戎前策备,降女旧因修。箫鼓辞家怨,旌旃出塞愁。尚孩中念切,方远御慈留。顾乏谋臣用,仍劳圣主忧。

竹径桃源本出尘,松轩茅栋别惊新。御跸何须林下驻,山公不是俗中人。

不分君恩断,新妆视镜中。容华尚春日,娇爱已秋风。枕席临窗晓,帷屏向月空。年年后庭树,荣落在深宫。

去国未千里,离家已再旬。丹心恒恋阙,白首更辞亲。怀璧常贻训,捐金讵得邻。抱冤非忤物,罹谤岂由人。不滥辞终辨,无瑕理竟伸。黻还中省旧,符与外台新。塞上同迁客,江潭异逐臣。泪垂非属岘,肠断固由秦。岁月行遒尽,山川难重陈。始知亭伯去,还是拙谋身。

春还上林苑,花满洛阳城。鸳衾夜凝思,龙镜晓含情。忆梦残灯落,离魂暗马惊。可怜朝与暮,楼上独盈盈。

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