阿鲁威

阿鲁威

阿鲁威(生卒年不详),蒙古族人。字叔重,号东泉。曾任南剑太守、经筵官、参知政事。能诗,尤善长作散曲,今有几十支散曲传世,散见于《阳春白雪》、《乐府群珠》等书。...(12篇诗文) (198条名句)

阿鲁威介绍

阿鲁威的生平

延间(1314~1320官南剑太守,即延平江路总管。
至治间(1321~1323) 官泉州路总管。
泰定间(1324~1328)任翰林侍讲学士。曾译《世祖圣训》、 《资治通鉴》等为泰定帝讲说。
阿鲁威在元仁宗、英宗执政时,曾任延平路总秘和泉州路总管,南剑太守,后应诏入朝作经筵官。
致和元年(1328)官同知经筵事,是年遂挂冠南游。家于杭州,居城东,被李昱聘为西宾。
至元二年(1336)因卷入平江路总管道童案坐罪,不久冤明,仍闲居杭州。
能诗善曲,明·朱权 《太和正音谱》评其词“如鹤唳青霄”。其诗今不传。
元·杨朝英《阳春白雪》录其小令十九首,情感深沉质朴,格调旷达豪迈。

阿鲁威的成就

  阿鲁威汉文修养深厚,善作散曲,被列为散曲七十大家之一。《太和正音谱·古今群英乐府格势》篇,称其词曲风格“如鹤唳青霄。”可惜留传不多。现存阿鲁威作的散曲有19首,计《蟾宫曲》16首,《湘妃怨》2首,《寿阳曲》1首。阿鲁威不但是一位成就较高的散曲作家,还是著名学者育家。元泰定年间,他曾任翰林侍读学士,还曾翻译过《世祖圣训》、 《资治通鉴》等书。

阿鲁威的作品风格

  阿鲁威善做散曲,《太和正音谱·群英乐府格势》篇,称其词曲风格“如鹤唳青霄”,只可惜流传到现在的不多了。现存阿鲁威作的散曲只有十九首,包括《蟾宫曲》十六首,《湘妃怨》两首,《寿阳曲》一首。其散曲格调旷达豪迈。 《蟾宫曲》 前九首系以楚辞九歌品成,如《湘君》:“问湘君何处遨游,怎弭节江皋,江水东流,薜荔芙蓉,涔阳极浦,杜若芳洲,驾飞龙兮兰旌蕙绸,君不行兮何故夷犹,玉佩谁留,步马椒丘,忍别灵修。” 辞藻华丽, 婉约而浪漫。

  阿鲁威的散曲既有怀古之情,也有感时之作。比如他的《湘妃怨》 :“夜来雨横与风狂,断送西园满地香,晓来蜂蝶空游荡,苦难寻红锦妆。问东君归计何忙,尽叫得鹊声碎,却叫人空断肠,漫劳动客送垂扬。”读来让人惆怅。又如《寿阳曲》:“千年态,一旦空,惟有纸钱灰晚风吹送,尽蜀鹃血啼烟树中,唤不回一场春梦。”如诉如泣,隐约有声,情感描写真挚而细腻。从内容上看,散曲多以寄托对民众生活的同情、慨叹现实生活的无奈等为主,表现出元代读书人消极避世的情绪。

  阿鲁威其他一些咏述历史的散曲,情调与上述不同,如感叹英雄人物的有《折桂令·咏史》:“问人间谁是英雄?有酾酒临江,横槊曹公。紫盖黄旗,多应借得,赤壁东风。更惊起南阳卧龙,便成名八阵图中。鼎足三分,一分西蜀,一分江东。”寥寥数语,把曹公的豪情,孔明的机巧,跃然纸上。

  《旅况》一曲却表达了作者鄙弃富贵荣华,想做江湖散人,漫游四方或隐居一处以诗酒自娱的思想。《遣怀》中抒发了作者生不逢时、怀才不遇、功业未成、壮志难酬的感情,只不过那种被压抑的思想感情在阿鲁威身上的表现多了几分英雄气概和外露的锋芒。

  阿鲁威的散曲,内容多为鄙薄商官厚禄,抒发时光易逝,不遇的感慨,赞扬古代英雄贤士伟业等方面的作品,其风格多雄浑或悲切凄凉。他的散曲被多种版本所收,流传较广。

促江皋腾驾朝驰,幸帝子来游,孔盖云旗。渺渺秋风,洞庭木叶,盼望佳期。灵剡剡兮空山九疑,澧有兰兮沅芷菲菲。行折琼枝,发轫苍梧,饮马咸池。

令飘风冻雨清尘,开阊阖天门,假道天津。千乘回翔,龙旗冉冉,鸾驾辚辚。结桂椒兮乘云并迎,问人间兮寿夭莫凭。除却灵均,兰佩荷衣,谁制谁纫?

穆将愉兮太乙东皇,佩姣服菲菲,剑珥琳琅。玉瑱琼芳,烝肴兰藉,桂酒椒浆。扬枹鼓兮安歌浩倡,纷五音兮琴瑟笙簧。日吉辰良,繁会祁祁,既乐而康。

若有人兮含睇山幽,乘赤豹文貍,窈窕周流。渺渺愁云,冥冥零雨,谁与同游?采三秀兮吾令蹇修,怅宓妃兮要眇难求。猿夜啾啾,风木萧萧,公子离忧。鸱夷后那个清闲,谁爱雨笠烟蓑,七里严湍?除却巢田,更无人到,颍水箕山。叹落日孤鸿往还,笑桃源洞口谁关?试问刘郎,几度花开

正秋兰九畹芳菲,共堂下蘼芜,绿叶留荑。趁驾回风,逍遥云际,翡翠为旗。悲莫悲兮君远将离,乐莫乐兮与女新知。一扫氛霓,晞发阳阿,洗剑天池。

望云中帝服皇皇,快龙驾翩翩,远举周章。霞佩缤纷,云旗晻蔼,衣采华芳。灵连蜷兮昭昭未央,降寿宫兮沐浴兰汤。先戒鸾章,后属飞帘,总辔扶桑。

问湘君何处翱游,怎弭节江皋,江水东流。薜荔芙蓉,涔阳极浦,杜若芳洲。驾飞龙兮兰旌蕙绸,君不行兮河故夷犹。玉佩谁留,步马椒丘,忍别灵修。

望朝暾将出东方,便抚马安驱,揽辔高翔。交鼓吹竽,鸣箎絙瑟,会舞霓裳,布瑶席兮聊斟桂浆,听锵锵兮丹凤鸣阳。直上空桑,持矢操弧,仰射天狼。

千年调,一旦空,惟有纸钱灰晚风送。尽蜀鹃啼血烟树中,唤不回一场春梦。

激王侯四起冲风,望鱼屋鳞鳞,贝阙珠宫。两驾骖螭,桂旗荷盖,浩荡西东。试回首兮昆仑道中,问江皋兮谁集芙蓉。唤起丰隆,先逐鼋鼍,后驭蛟龙。

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